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Finasteride is a drug that is primarily used to treat androgenetic alopecia, also known as male pattern baldness. It works by blocking the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), an androgen responsible for the shrinkage of hair follicles, which ultimately leads to hair loss. DHT plays an essential role in the process of androgenetic alopecia by shortening the lifespan of the hair follicles and thus inhibiting hair growth.
Finasteride belongs to the class of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, as it inhibits the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase type II, which is involved in the conversion of testosterone to DHT. Reducing DHT in the body by taking finasteride can slow down or even reverse the hair loss process and lead to hair regrowth in some men.
The medication is usually taken daily in tablet form and is only available on prescription. Although finasteride is effective for many men, it can have side effects, including sexual dysfunction, which may occur in a small percentage of users. The decision to use finasteride should therefore be made in consultation with a doctor to allow for an individual risk-benefit assessment.
