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Hair loss is a medical condition in which more hair is lost than grows back, which can lead to visible thinning or even baldness. This condition can affect both men and women and can be both temporary and permanent. The causes of hair loss are varied:
Genetic predisposition
One of the most common causes is genetic predisposition, known as androgenetic alopecia, which can occur in both men and women. This form of hair loss is often associated with hormonal changes and typically follows a characteristic pattern in men, while it usually occurs diffusely in women.
Hormonal changes
Hormonal changes are another significant cause of hair loss. Such changes can occur during pregnancy, after childbirth, during the menopause or due to thyroid disorders. These hormonal fluctuations can disrupt the natural hair growth cycle and lead to increased hair loss.
Stress as a trigger
Stress, both physical and emotional, can also cause hair loss. An intense state of stress can affect the hair growth cycle and put a greater number of hairs into the telogen phase (resting phase), leading to diffuse hair loss.
Medication and its side effects
Medication is another common cause of hair loss. Some medications, including those used to treat cancer, arthritis, depression, heart problems and high blood pressure, can cause hair loss as a side effect. This is often because these drugs affect cell division and can therefore also affect hair growth.
Malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies
Malnutrition or specific nutrient deficiencies, such as a lack of iron or protein, can also lead to hair loss. A balanced diet is important for hair growth, and nutrient deficiencies can weaken hair follicles and cause hair loss.
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune diseases are also a significant cause of hair loss. In diseases such as alopecia areata, the immune system attacks its own hair follicles, resulting in circular bald patches. In severe cases, this disease can lead to the complete loss of all hair on the head or body.
Mechanical damage and other causes
Other causes can be mechanical damage caused by certain hairstyles or hair care practices, which can lead to permanent hair loss if the hair follicles are damaged. In addition, inflammatory skin diseases and infections can permanently destroy the hair follicles and thus lead to permanent hair loss.
